rabbit against per2  (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)

Journal: Frontiers in Neuroscience

Article Title: Circadian rhythm of PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE expression in the trigeminal ganglion of mice

doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1142785

Figure Lengend Snippet: PER2 expressions in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the trigeminal ganglion of wild-type mice . Representative images of immunohistochemistry of PER2-immunopositive cells in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN; A, B ) and the trigeminal ganglion (TG; C, D ) at ZT8. Scale bar A = 100 μm, B and D = 10 μm, C = 40 μm. Green, NeuroTrace Green; cyan, DAPI; magenta, PER2. Arrowheads, neuronal cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion.

Article Snippet: The sections were incubated overnight with a rabbit antibody against PER2 (1:1,000 for the brain, 1:100 for the trigeminal ganglion; PER21-A; Alpha Diagnostics, San Antonio, TX, United States) in PBS containing 1% donkey serum (AB237258; Jackson Immuno Research Laboratories, Inc., Bar Harbor, ME, United States), 0.3% Triton X-100 (PBS-X), 0.12% lambda-carrageenan, and 0.02% sodium azide (PBS-XCD).

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Frontiers in Neuroscience

Article Title: Circadian rhythm of PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE expression in the trigeminal ganglion of mice

doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1142785

Figure Lengend Snippet: Localization of PER2::LUC expression in the trigeminal ganglion . (A) Nissl stain showing the anatomic organization of the mouse trigeminal ganglion. (B) Nissl stain of the mouse trigeminal ganglion at high magnification. A, B are the same sample. (C) Trough and peak of PER2 bioluminescence rhythm. (D) Representative images of dissected wild-type trigeminal ganglion in the dorsal view. Images are lined every 3 h for 2 days. Pseudo colors indicate bioluminescent intensities. Scale bar, 2 mm. C, D are the same sample.

Article Snippet: The sections were incubated overnight with a rabbit antibody against PER2 (1:1,000 for the brain, 1:100 for the trigeminal ganglion; PER21-A; Alpha Diagnostics, San Antonio, TX, United States) in PBS containing 1% donkey serum (AB237258; Jackson Immuno Research Laboratories, Inc., Bar Harbor, ME, United States), 0.3% Triton X-100 (PBS-X), 0.12% lambda-carrageenan, and 0.02% sodium azide (PBS-XCD).

Techniques: Expressing, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Neuroscience

Article Title: Circadian rhythm of PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE expression in the trigeminal ganglion of mice

doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1142785

Figure Lengend Snippet: Circadian rhythms of PER2::LUC expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the trigeminal ganglion of wild-type, Cry1 −/− , and Cry2 −/− mice . Representative bioluminescence rhythms of PER2::LUC expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN; left) and the trigeminal ganglion (TG; right) of wild-type (WT; A ), Cry1 −/− (B) , and Cry2 −/− (C) mice. The x -axis is the days from the time when the tissues were cultured. The counts of serial de-trended bioluminescence for 4 days are plotted.

Article Snippet: The sections were incubated overnight with a rabbit antibody against PER2 (1:1,000 for the brain, 1:100 for the trigeminal ganglion; PER21-A; Alpha Diagnostics, San Antonio, TX, United States) in PBS containing 1% donkey serum (AB237258; Jackson Immuno Research Laboratories, Inc., Bar Harbor, ME, United States), 0.3% Triton X-100 (PBS-X), 0.12% lambda-carrageenan, and 0.02% sodium azide (PBS-XCD).

Techniques: Expressing, Cell Culture

Journal: Frontiers in Neuroscience

Article Title: Circadian rhythm of PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE expression in the trigeminal ganglion of mice

doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1142785

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phase and period of circadian rhythms of PER2::LUC expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the trigeminal ganglion of wild-type, Cry1 −/− and Cry2 −/− mice . (A) Phase map for the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the trigeminal ganglion (TG) of PER2::LUC mice. The average times (±SE) of the first peaks were plotted against the time of day (filled and empty bar indicates lighting times). (B) Circadian periods of PER2::LUC rhythm in the SCN of WT, Cry1 −/− , and Cry2 −/− mice. * p < 0.05 (Bonferroni’s test) (C) Circadian periods of PER2::LUC rhythm in the TG of WT, Cry1 −/− , and Cry2 −/− mice. * p < 0.05 (Bonferroni’s test) (D) Regression analysis of the data shown in (B,C) . The regression line ( r = 0.93) is described by the formula y = 0.95 x + 0.20, where y = period in TG and x = period in SCN (in hours).

Article Snippet: The sections were incubated overnight with a rabbit antibody against PER2 (1:1,000 for the brain, 1:100 for the trigeminal ganglion; PER21-A; Alpha Diagnostics, San Antonio, TX, United States) in PBS containing 1% donkey serum (AB237258; Jackson Immuno Research Laboratories, Inc., Bar Harbor, ME, United States), 0.3% Triton X-100 (PBS-X), 0.12% lambda-carrageenan, and 0.02% sodium azide (PBS-XCD).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Aging (Albany NY)

Article Title: Crosstalk of clock gene expression and autophagy in aging

doi: 10.18632/aging.101018

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Correlation of age and LC3-II protein levels in primary dermal human fibroblasts from differently aged donors. AU: artificial units. ( B ) Immunostaining of LC3B protein in cells from young and old donors after Bafilomycin treatment. In the bottom row cells stained only with secondary antibody (Cy3) and DAPI are shown. Total signal strength ( C ) and the number of LC3 positive punctae in a defined area ( D ) were quantified.

Article Snippet: Proteins were quantified by immunoblotting using rabbit antibodies against LC3B, ULK1 (Cell Signaling Technologies, Danvers, MA, USA), PER2 (Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany) and BMAL1 (Abcam, Cambridge, UK).

Techniques: Immunostaining, Staining

Journal: Neuroscience

Article Title: Daily morphine injection and withdrawal disrupt 24-h wheel running and PERIOD2 expression patterns in the rat limbic forebrain.

doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.04.045

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Daily fluctuation of PER2-immunoreactive (IR) nuclei ( SEM) in rats killed 10 h after the last morphine or saline injection (at ZT13; black bars) or 22 h after the last injection (at ZT1; white bars) (M/last). PER2-IR cells counted in (from top to bottom panels) SCN, BNSTov, CEA, and dorsal striatum (n3 per condition per ZT). * indicates a significant difference. P0.05.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemial staining for PER2 protein was carried out according to a rotocol described previously (Hood et al., 2010) using an affinityurified polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against PER2, 1:4000 Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA).

Techniques: Saline, Injection

Journal: Neuroscience

Article Title: Daily morphine injection and withdrawal disrupt 24-h wheel running and PERIOD2 expression patterns in the rat limbic forebrain.

doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.04.045

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. Daily fluctuation of PER2-immunoreactive (IR) nuclei ( SEM) in rats given vehicle injections for two evenings following the last saline (saline veh) or morphine (MW-2 veh) injection. Rats were killed 46 h (ZT1; white bars) or 58 h (ZT13; black bars) after the last morphine or saline injection. From top to bottom panels: mean PER2-IR nuclei in the SCN, BNSTov, CEA, and dorsal striatum (n3 per condition per ZT). * indicates a significant difference. P0.05.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemial staining for PER2 protein was carried out according to a rotocol described previously (Hood et al., 2010) using an affinityurified polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against PER2, 1:4000 Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA).

Techniques: Saline, Injection

Journal: Neuroscience

Article Title: Daily morphine injection and withdrawal disrupt 24-h wheel running and PERIOD2 expression patterns in the rat limbic forebrain.

doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.04.045

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 5. Daily fluctuation of PER2-immunoreactive (IR) nuclei ( SEM) in rats injected with quinpirole (1.0 mg/kg) for two evenings following the last morphine or saline injection (quinpirole injected at ZT13). Rats were killed 46 h (ZT1; white bars) or 58 h (ZT13; black bars) after the last morphine or saline injection. The left panels show the effects of quinpirole on morphine-withdrawn rats (MW-2 Q) and the right panels show the effects of quinpirole on saline-treated rats (saline Q). From top to bottom panels on the left and right sides: mean PER2-IR nuclei in the SCN, BNSTov, CEA, and dorsal striatum (n3 per condition per ZT). * indicates a significant difference. P0.05.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemial staining for PER2 protein was carried out according to a rotocol described previously (Hood et al., 2010) using an affinityurified polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against PER2, 1:4000 Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA).

Techniques: Injection, Saline

Journal: Neuroscience

Article Title: Daily morphine injection and withdrawal disrupt 24-h wheel running and PERIOD2 expression patterns in the rat limbic forebrain.

doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.04.045

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 6. Daily fluctuation of PER2-immunoreactive (IR) nuclei ( SEM) in rats injected with clonidine (0.1 mg/kg per injection) for two evenings follo- wing the last morphine or saline injection (clonidine injected at ZT11 and ZT13). Rats were killed 46 h (ZT1; white bars) or 58 h (ZT13; black bars) after the last morphine or saline injection. The left panels show the effects of clonidine on morphine-withdrawn rats (MW-2 CL) and the right panels show the effects of clonidine on saline-treated rats (saline CL). From top to bottom panels on the left and right sides: mean PER2-IR nuclei in the SCN, BNSTov, CEA, and dorsal striatum (n3 per condition per ZT). * indicates a significant difference. P0.05.

Article Snippet: Immunohistochemial staining for PER2 protein was carried out according to a rotocol described previously (Hood et al., 2010) using an affinityurified polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against PER2, 1:4000 Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA).

Techniques: Injection, Saline

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mice were held in an LD cycle and brains collected at different times in the daily cycle (ZT 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24). Sections of the brains containing the hippocampus and SCN were stained for PER2 expression using IHC. ( A ) IHC expression was largely localized to the hippocampal regions known as CA1, CA2, CA3 and DG. The patterns of staining varied as a function of time of day, and examples of immunoreactivity in the peak (ZT 2) and trough (ZT 14) of the daily rhythm are shown. The weak, poorly localized staining at ZT 14 is likely to still represent positive immunolabelling. Keeping the IHC conditions constant, there was no positive immunoreactivity in the hippocampus of a Per2 -null mutant. Similarly pre-absorption controls lacked this diffuse immunolabelling (Supplementary Figure S1 at http://www.asnneuro.org/an/001/an001e012add.htm ). KO, knockout. ( B ) The number of PER2 immunopositive neurons were counted by observers blinded to the experimental conditions. Levels of PER2 expression in the hippocampus varied as a function of time of day, with peak expression in the late night/early morning and troughs of expression in the late day/early night. ( C ) In contrast, peak PER2 expression in the SCN was out-of-phase with the hippocampus, with highest expression at the late day/early night. At each time point n = 4. Values are means±S.E.M.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Staining, Expressing, Mutagenesis, Knock-Out

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mice were held in DD and wheel-running activity was measured to determine circadian phase. ( A ) Example of Western blots measuring PER2 expression in whole hippocampal tissue as a function of time of day. Tubulin protein expression was measured as a control for loading and did not vary as a function of time of day (see the Materials and methods section). ( B ) Levels of PER2 protein expression (normalized to tubulin) varied as a function of time of day in both LD and DD conditions.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mice were held in DD and wheel-running activity was measured to determine circadian phase. ISH was used to measure Per2 expression in the hippocampus and SCN ( n = 3–4 per group). ( A ) Film images of ISH for Per2 on tissue sections taken from mice sacrificed during the peak and trough of expression. Scale bar = 1 mm. ( B ) Levels of Per2 expression in the hippocampus varied as a function of time of day, with the strongest hybridization signal in the late night/early morning. ( C ) Peak Per2 expression in the SCN was out-of-phase with the hippocampus, with the strongest hybridization signal at mid-day. At each time point n = 3–4. Values are means±S.E.M.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Hybridization

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Organotypical hippocampal slices obtained from PER2::LUC transgenic mice were maintained in culture, and bioluminescence was recorded by imaging (left-hand panel; bioluminescence intensity on a pseudocolour scale) or luminometry (right-hand panel). Rhythmicity of bioluminescence damped over a period of several days. The media was changed immediately before these luminescence measurements began. ( B ) Recordings of PER2::LUC rhythms from individual cells over a 5-day period. The x -axis label refers to the days in culture.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Transgenic Assay, Imaging

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) LTP measured by stimulating the SC and recording the fEPSP from the CA1 dendritic layer in brain slices from WT (•) and Per2 -mutant (○) mice. Data are presented as the fEPSP slope (normalized as a percentage of the baseline). The high-frequency stimulation (3×100 Hz; 1 s duration; 3 min interstimulus intervals) was given at time = 0. Experiments were carried out in the presence of the GABA A blocker PTX. ( B ) In contrast, the magnitude of LTP evoked by a weaker stimulation (1×100 Hz) did not significantly vary between WT (•) and Per2 -mutant (○) mice.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Mutagenesis

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: Per2 -mutant mice do not exhibit deficits in basic synaptic transmission Values are means±S.E.M.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Transmission Assay

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Western blot showing hippocampal p-CREB, total CREB, p-ERK (pMAPK) and total ERK (total MAPK) protein expression in WT and Per2 -mutant mice (normalized to tubulin). ( B ) p-CREB and p-ERK protein expression was normalized to total CREB and total ERK expression respectively. These p-CREB/total CREB and p-ERK/total ERK measurements from Per2 -mutant mice were compared with data from WT mice. Values are means±S.E.M., * P <0.05.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Mutagenesis

Journal: ASN NEURO

Article Title: Expression of the circadian clock gene Period2 in the hippocampus: possible implications for synaptic plasticity and learned behaviour

doi: 10.1042/AN20090020

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Levels of trace-fear conditioning recall in Per2 -mutant mice tested at 24 h intervals post-training during the day (ZT 6) show severe deficits in their ability to recall learning. ( B ) This deficit in trace-fear recall persisted in Per2 -mutant mice trained and tested during the night (ZT 18). Fear-learning behaviour was measured as the percentage freezing over the total testing time. ( C ) In contrast, the Per2 -mutant mice did not exhibit deficits in recall of cued-fear conditioning. ( D ) The Per2 -mutant mice exhibit deficits in the recall of trace-fear conditioning when held on a 23-h cycle. Values are means±S.E.M., * P <0.05.

Article Snippet: Sections were dipped in 3% normal goat serum in PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100 for 1 h, and then incubated with an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against PER2 (Alpha Diagnostics; #PER21-A) diluted 1:2000 with a solution of Triton X-100/PBS with 3% normal goat serum.

Techniques: Mutagenesis